diff --git a/src/README.md b/src/README.md index a5a3259f..c9a39342 100644 --- a/src/README.md +++ b/src/README.md @@ -24,7 +24,8 @@ The source can be viewed [on GitHub](https://github.com/system76/tech-docs). - [Pangolin (pang14)](models/pang14/README.md) - [Serval WS (serw13)](models/serw13/README.md) - [Thelio (thelio-r3-n1)](models/thelio-r3-n1/README.md) -- [Thelio Major (thelio-major-r5-n3)](models/thelio-major-r5-n3/README.md) +- [Thelio Astra (thelio-astra-a1-n1)](models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/README.md) +- [Thelio Major (thelio-major-r3)](models/thelio-major-r3/README.md) - [Thelio Massive (thelio-massive-b1.2)](models/thelio-massive-b1.2/README.md) - [Thelio Mega (thelio-mega-r1.0)](models/thelio-mega-r1.0/README.md) - [Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-b4-n3)](models/thelio-mira-b4-n3/README.md) diff --git a/src/SUMMARY.md b/src/SUMMARY.md index 755e63c2..39992603 100644 --- a/src/SUMMARY.md +++ b/src/SUMMARY.md @@ -67,10 +67,16 @@ - [External Overview](models/thelio-r3-n1/external-overview.md) - [Internal Overview](models/thelio-r3-n1/internal-overview.md) - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-r3-n1/repairs.md) - - [Thelio Major (thelio-major-r5-n3)](models/thelio-major-r5-n3/README.md) - - [External Overview](models/thelio-major-r5-n3/external-overview.md) - - [Internal Overview](models/thelio-major-r5-n3/internal-overview.md) - - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-major-r5-n3/repairs.md) + - [Thelio Astra (thelio-astra-a1-n1)](models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/README.md) + - [External Overview](models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/external-overview.md) + - [Internal Overview](models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/internal-overview.md) + - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/repairs.md) + - [Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Setup](models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/ubuntu-20.04.md) + - [Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Setup](models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/ubuntu-24.04.md) + - [Thelio Major (thelio-major-r3)](models/thelio-major-r3/README.md) + - [External Overview](models/thelio-major-r3/external-overview.md) + - [Internal Overview](models/thelio-major-r3/internal-overview.md) + - [Parts & Repairs](models/thelio-major-r3/repairs.md) - [Thelio Massive (thelio-massive-b1.2)](models/thelio-massive-b1.2/README.md) - [External Overview](models/thelio-massive-b1.2/external-overview.md) - [Internal Overview](models/thelio-massive-b1.2/internal-overview.md) diff --git a/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/README.md b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/README.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c89437bc --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +# Thelio Astra (thelio-astra-a1-n1) + +- [External Overview](./external-overview.md) +- [Internal Overview](./internal-overview.md) +- [Parts & Repairs](./repairs.md) +- [Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Setup](./ubuntu-20.04.md) +- [Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Setup](./ubuntu-24.04.md) + +![Thelio Astra](./img/thelio-astra-a1-n1.png) + +The System76 Thelio Astra is a desktop with the following specifications: + +- Processor options + - Supports Ampere Altra and Altra Max family CPUs + - [Ampere Altra Max M128-30](https://amperecomputing.com/briefs/ampere-altra-family-product-brief) + - [Ampere Altra Max M128-26](https://amperecomputing.com/briefs/ampere-altra-family-product-brief) + - [Ampere Altra Max M96-28](https://amperecomputing.com/briefs/ampere-altra-family-product-brief) + - [Ampere Altra Q80-30](https://amperecomputing.com/briefs/ampere-altra-family-product-brief) + - [Ampere Altra Q64-22](https://amperecomputing.com/briefs/ampere-altra-family-product-brief) + - [Ampere Altra Q32-17](https://amperecomputing.com/briefs/ampere-altra-family-product-brief) +- Motherboard options (depending on order date and/or stock availability) + - [ASRock ALTRAD8UD-1L2T](https://www.asrockrack.com/general/productdetail.asp?Model=ALTRAD8UD-1L2T#Specifications) running System76 Firmware (non-open) + - Used for orders before November 2024. + - [ASRock ALTRAD8UD2-1L2Q](https://www.asrockrack.com/general/productdetail.asp?Model=ALTRAD8UD2-1L2Q#Specifications) running System76 Firmware (non-open) + - Used for orders after November 2024. +- Daughterboard + - [Thelio Io](https://github.com/system76/thelio-io) board running [open-source firmware](https://github.com/system76/thelio-io-firmware) + - Version 2.3 +- Graphics options + - Configured with up to one dedicated GPU + - Primary GPU slot: + - PCIe 4.0 x16 + - Up to 5-slot height + - GPU size: + - Internal clearance: 358.00mm + - Recommended maximum length: 348.00mm + - Tested with the following GPUs: + - [NVIDIA RTX 6000 Ada](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/design-visualization/rtx-6000/#specifications) + - 4x DisplayPort 1.4a + - [NVIDIA RTX 4000 Ada](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/design-visualization/rtx-4000/#specifications) + - 4x DisplayPort 1.4a + - [NVIDIA RTX 2000 Ada](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/design-visualization/rtx-2000/#specifications) + - 4x mini DisplayPort 1.4a + - [NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/40-series/rtx-4090/#specs) + - 3x DisplayPort 1.4a + - 1x HDMI 2.1a + - [NVIDIA RTX A400](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/design-visualization/rtx-a400/#specifications) + - 4x Mini DisplayPort 1.4a + - 1x integrated VGA port (for system management) +- Expansion + - ALTRAD8UD-1L2T motherboard variant: + - 2x PCIe 4.0 x16 (top two slots) + - Runs at x8 bandwidth when using non-Max processor options + - 1x PCIe 4.0 x16 (primary GPU slot) + - 1x PCIe 4.0 x16 (bottom slot) + - CMOS battery mount may prevent long PCIe cards from fitting + - ALTRAD8UD2-1L2Q motherboard variant: + - 2x PCIe 4.0 x16 (top two slots) + - Runs at x8 bandwidth when using non-Max processor options + - 1x PCIe 4.0 x16 (primary GPU slot) + - 1x PCIe 4.0 x16 (bottom slot) +- Memory + - Up to 512GB (8x64GB) octa-channel DDR4 RDIMM/LRDIMMs @ 3200 MHz + - Tested with the following RAM modules (may ship with other tested modules): + - [Samsung M393A8G40AB2-CWE](https://semiconductor.samsung.com/us/dram/module/rdimm/m393a8g40ab2-cwe/#pd-semi-spec) (64GB/stick) + - [Samsung M393A4K40DB3-CWE](https://semiconductor.samsung.com/us/dram/module/rdimm/m393a4k40db3-cwe/#pd-semi-spec) (32GB/stick) +- Networking + - ALTRAD8UD-1L2T motherboard variant: + - 2x 10-Gigabit Ethernet ([Intel X550](https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/88209/intel-ethernet-converged-network-adapter-x550-t2.html)) + - 1x 2.5-Gigabit Ethernet ([Intel i210](https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/64400/intel-ethernet-controller-i210-at.html)) + - 1x 1-Gigabit Ethernet (Realtek RTL8211E) + - Dedicated IPMI port + - ALTRAD8UD2-1L2Q motherboard variant: + - 2x 25-Gigabit SFP28 ([Broadcom BCM57414](https://www.broadcom.com/products/ethernet-connectivity/network-adapters/bcm57414-50g-ic)) + - 1x or 2x 10-Gigabit Ethernet (RJ-45) transceivers are available as build options. + - 1x 2.5-Gigabit Ethernet ([Intel i210](https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/64400/intel-ethernet-controller-i210-at.html)) + - 1x 1-Gigabit Ethernet (Realtek RTL8211E) + - Dedicated IPMI port +- Power + - C13 power cord + - 850W PSU + - 80+ Gold Efficiency + - Tested with the following PSU models (may ship with other tested models): + - [Be Quiet! Pure Power 12 M](https://www.bequiet.com/en/powersupply/4162) + - [XPG Core Reactor II](https://www.xpg.com/us/xpg/pc-components-core-reactor-ii) +- Storage + - ALTRAD8UD-1L2T motherboard variant: + - 2x M.2 (PCIe NVMe Gen 4) SSDs + - Additional SSDs offered with PCIe adapter card + - ALTRAD8UD2-1L2Q motherboard variant: + - 1x M.2 (PCIe NVMe Gen 4) SSD + - Additional SSDs offered with PCIe adapter card +- USB + - Back ports: + - 4x USB 3.2 Gen 1 (Type-A) diff --git a/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/external-overview.md b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/external-overview.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..68c9bfca --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/external-overview.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +# Thelio Astra (External Overview) + +## Back overview: + +![Back Ports](./img/ports-back.webp) + +### SFP Port Information: + +- When ordering Thelio Astra, options for one or two 10GbE RJ-45 transceivers preinstalled into the 25GbE SFP port(s) are offered. + - No transceivers are installed in the photo above. + +### Unit Identification (UID) Button Guide: + +- Pressing the button toggles the blue identification light on and off. + - The light can also be toggled remotely using the baseboard management controller (BMC). +- Holding the button for more than 4 seconds resets the baseboard management controller (BMC) to default settings. + - After resetting the BMC using this method, it may be necessary to power cycle the Thelio Astra before the BMC becomes reachable again. + +### PCIe Slot Information: + +- The top two PCIe slots run at x16 bandwidth with Altra Max processor options, and run at x8 bandwidth with Altra (non-Max) processor options. + +### Power Switch Guide: + +- 1: On +- 0: Off + +## Front/side overview: + +![Front & Side Views](./img/ports-front-sides.webp) + +## Top/bottom overview: + +![Top & Bottom Views](./img/ports-top-bottom.webp) diff --git a/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/img/accent-strip-removal.webp 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--- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/img/top-case-screws.webp @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:192c8d065cd7ee7db247ebc9b2e36fc4d0e8d16b92b5206b06b5f6de197ac989 +size 774978 diff --git a/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/internal-overview.md b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/internal-overview.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..df7b0b91 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/internal-overview.md @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +# Thelio Mira (Internal Overview) + +## Left side overview: + +### Chassis components: + +![Internal overview (left side - chassis)](./img/internal-left-chassis.webp) + +- CPU duct is highlighted in red +- Side brace is highlighted in green +- PSU bracket is highlighted in cyan + +### Electronic components: + +![Internal overview (left side - electronics)](./img/internal-left-electronics.webp) + +- CPU heatsink is highlighted in cyan +- RAM slots are highlighted in green +- CMOS battery is highlighted in pink +- Thelio Io daughterboard is highlighted in olive +- M.2 slot is highlighted in red +- GPU is highlighted in yellow +- Power supply is highlighted in orange +- Bottom case fan is highlighted in white + +## Right side overview: + +![Internal overview (right side)](./img/internal-right.webp) + +- Back of Thelio Io board is highlighted in cyan + - Internal power button is on the Thelio Io board +- Power supply access cutout is highlighted in red + +## Front side overview: + +![Internal overview (front side)](./img/internal-front.webp) + +- Power button receptacle cutout is highlighted in cyan +- Thelio Io connector access cutout is highlighted in green + +## Top overview: + +![Internal overview (top)](./img/internal-top.webp) + +- CPU & motherboard power connectors are highlighted in green + - Motherboard power connector is on top, CPU power connector is below + - Connect to power supply +- Motherboard power adapter is highlighted in red + - Black side connects to power supply + - White side connects to motherboard +- CPU fan splitter is highlighted in pink + - Connects to CPU fans and Thelio Io board +- Power button receptacle is highlighted in cyan + - Connects to Thelio Io board + +See the [repairs page](./repairs.md) for detailed information about installing or replacing components. diff --git a/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/repairs.md b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/repairs.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a2f6051c --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/repairs.md @@ -0,0 +1,522 @@ +# Thelio Astra (Parts & Repairs) + +Many components in your Thelio Astra can be upgraded or replaced as necessary. This page uses photos of the the A1-N1 revision, which indicates: + +- **A1:** The first Ampere-compatible motherboard used in Thelio Astra. +- **N1:** The first chassis revision of the Thelio Astra. + - The Thelio Astra chassis is based on the nebula40 chassis (revision 3), but lacks top I/O and 2.5" drive mounts. + +Minor case details may vary based on the production date of the unit, but screw counts, general component locations, and other details should remain the same unless otherwise noted. + +Power the machine off, switch off the power supply, and unplug all peripherals before working with any internal components. Then, follow these step-by-step guides for instructions: + +- [Replacing the front accent strip](#replacing-the-front-accent-strip) +- [Removing the top case](#removing-the-top-case) +- [Removing the side brace](#removing-the-side-brace) +- [Replacing the bottom case fan](#replacing-the-bottom-case-fan) +- [Removing the CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct) +- [Replacing the RAM](#replacing-the-ram) +- [Replacing the GPU](#replacing-the-gpu) +- [Replacing the CMOS battery](#replacing-the-cmos-battery) +- [Replacing the M.2 drives](#replacing-the-m2-drives) +- [Replacing the CPU fans](#replacing-the-cpu-fans) +- [Replacing the CPU cooler/thermal paste and CPU](#replacing-the-cpu-cooler-and-cpu) +- [Replacing the power supply](#replacing-the-power-supply) +- [Replacing the Thelio Io board](#replacing-the-thelio-io-board) +- [Troubleshooting the power button](#troubleshooting-the-power-button) + +## Replacing the front accent strip: + +Thelio Astra includes a customizable accent panel on the front of the case, which can be swapped to change the case's look and feel. The instructions for swapping the accent are also available in [video form](https://system76.com/r/diyaccentpanel). + +**Tools required:** None +**Time estimate:** 30 seconds +**Difficulty:** Easy + +### Steps to replace the front accent strip: + +1. Place the Thelio on the edge of the desk so the front side is hanging off of the desk. + - The Thelio can alternatively be lifted or tilted so the front of the computer is hovering above the desk. +2. Slide the accent strip down to unlock it. + - The accent can be gripped at the bottom edge. +3. Pull the accent strip off of the case, starting with the bottom edge. +4. Place the new accent strip onto the front of the case and slide it up to lock it into place. + +![Front accent strip removal](./img/accent-strip-removal.webp) + +## Removing the top case: + +The top case can be removed to access the internal components. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver (optional) +**Time estimate:** 2 minutes +**Difficulty:** Easy + +### Steps to remove the top case: + +1. Remove the four outer screws holding the top case onto the machine. + +![Top case screws](./img/top-case-screws.webp) + +2. Slide the top case up and off of the machine. + +## Removing the side brace: + +The side brace provides a mounting point for the GPU brace fingers, which help keep GPUs or other PCI Express cards in place during shipping. It also provides mounting points for up to two 120mm fans; one 120mm fan is offered as an optional add-on during factory configuration. + +The GPU brace fingers are only required during shipping. The system can be run without this part if it does not fit an upgraded GPU. + +**Part numbers:** +- The optional side fan is a 120mm Be Quiet! Silent Wings 4. + - Model number: `BQ SIW4-12025-MF-PWM` + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 15 minutes +**Difficulty:** Easy + +### Steps to remove the side brace: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). +2. Unscrew the four screws holding the side bracket in place (two on the front of the case, two on the back). + - Take note of which screw holes the side brace is screwed into, which varies by GPU. In the below photos, the innermost set of screw holes is used. + +![Side brace screws](./img/side-brace-screws.webp) + +3. Pull the side brace out of the chassis. Unplug the side fan connector from the splitter board on the right side, if connected. + +![Side fan connector](./img/side-fan-connector.webp) + +### Steps to adjust the GPU brace fingers: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case) and [remove the side brace](#steps-to-remove-the-side-brace). +2. To adjust the GPU brace fingers' horizontal position, unscrew the four corner screws (highlighted green below), move the GPU brace fingers' mounting bar, and reattach it in the desired position. + - If any vertical alignment screws overlap the side brace, they will also need to be removed. + +![GPU brace finger screws, back](./img/gpu-brace-finger-screws-back.webp) + +3. To adjust a GPU brace finger's vertical position, unscrew the three vertical adjustment screws (per finger), move the GPU brace finger, and reattach it in the desired position. + +![GPU brace finger screws, side](./img/gpu-brace-finger-screws-side.webp) + +### Steps to replace the side GPU fan: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case) and [remove the side brace](#steps-to-remove-the-side-brace). +2. Unplug the GPU fan from the splitter board on the side brace and free its cable from the velcro strap. + +![GPU fan cabling](./img/gpu-fan-cabling.webp) + +3. Remove the four screws holding the side GPU fan in place. + +![GPU fan screws](./img/gpu-fan-screws.webp) + +4. Screw the new fan into the side brace, plug it into the splitter board, and secure its cable with the velcro strap. + +## Replacing the bottom case fan: + +Thelio Astra A1-N1 has one case-mounted intake fan on the bottom of the chassis. + +**Part numbers:** +- The bottom case fan is a 140mm Be Quiet! Silent Wings 4. + - Model number: `BQ SIW4-14025-MF-PWM` + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 20 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium + +### Steps to replace the bottom case fan: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). + - The [side brace](#removing-the-side-brace) can optionally be removed to provide easier access to the fan and its cabling. +2. Unplug the fan's cable from the Thelio Io daughterboard. + - The bottom case fan plugs into the `INTAKE FAN`/`FANOUT2` port on the Thelio Io board. + - When viewed from the access cutout on the front of the case, this connector is the lowest one with a white receptacle. + +![Bottom case fan connector](./img/bottom-fan-connector.webp) + +3. Unscrew the four fan screws from the bottom of the machine. + - To avoid damaging other components, place the machine on its front side when working with the bottom surface. + - A soft surface such as a towel can optionally be used to protect the work surface and the machine. + +![Bottom case fan screws](./img/bottom-fan-screws.webp) + +4. Remove the old fan from the case. +5. When installing the fan, mount the components in the following order: + - Chassis + - Dust filter + - Acrylic spacer + - Fan +6. The new fan's cable should be oriented towards the front-right corner of the case. + - The cable runs along the inner corner of the case, passing through the velcro strap closest to the Thelio Io board. + +![Bottom case fan cable management](./img/bottom-fan-cable.webp) + +## Removing the CPU duct: + +The CPU duct guides airflow through the CPU cooler. It covers the CPU and partially obstructs the RAM slots and top PCIe slot. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 7 minutes +**Difficulty:** Easy + +### Steps to remove the CPU duct: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). +2. Unplug the braided fan connector (highlighted red below) from the top splitter board in the front corner of the machine. + - The splitter board provides the same signal to both ports, so it doesn't matter which port each cable is plugged into. In the below photo, the braided cable is plugged into the top port (`J2`). + +![CPU fan connectors](./img/cpu-fan-connectors.webp) + +3. Unscrew the four back screws and two top crossbar screws holding the CPU duct in place. + +![CPU duct thumbscrews (back)](./img/cpu-duct-screws-back.webp) + +![CPU duct screws (top crossbar)](./img/cpu-duct-screws-top.webp) + +4. Pull the CPU duct away from the machine. + +## Replacing the RAM: + +Thelio Astra A1-N1 supports up to 512GB (8x64GB) of RAM. The RAM sticks are ECC DDR4 RDIMMs/LRDIMMs running at a speed of 3200 MHz. + +If you've purchased new RAM, need to replace your RAM, or are reseating your RAM, follow these steps. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 15 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium + +### Steps to replace the RAM: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case) and [remove the CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct). + - [Removing the CPU cooler](#replacing-the-cpu-cooler-and-cpu) is not physically required, but can optionally be done for easier access to the inner RAM slots. Replacing the thermal paste is strongly recommended if the CPU cooler is removed. In the below photo, the CPU cooler has been removed for greater visibility. +2. If installing/removing RAM in any of the top RAM slots, unplug the 8-pin CPU power cable (labeled `ATX12V1` to the right of the port), highlighted red below. + +![RAM slots](./img/ram-slots.webp) + +3. To remove an existing RAM stick, flip the left and right latches away from the stick, then pull the stick out of the slot. +4. Make sure the tabs on the left and right of the slot are open (pulled away from the slot), then insert the new RAM (or re-seat the existing RAM) into the slot. + - The RAM stick will only fit in one direction. The larger group of pins goes on the left. + - Use the following guide for placement of the RAM sticks: + ![RAM slot order](./img/ram-order.webp) +4. Replace the CPU cooler (if necessary), CPU duct, and top case. + +## Replacing the GPU: + +Thelio Astra ships with one dedicated GPU in the PCIe 4.0 x16 slot third from the top. GPUs greater than one slot tall will obstruct the lowest PCIe slot. + +Depending on your motherboard and firmware version, the boot splash screen may not show up if the GPU is installed in either of the top two PCIe slots. For this reason, and for optimal thermal efficiency, it's recommended to reserve the top two slots for non-GPU PCIe accessories. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 15 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium + +### Steps to replace the GPU: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case) and [remove the side brace](#removing-the-side-brace). +2. If you're removing a GPU, unplug the GPU power cable from the right side of the card. Hold down the latch on the connector while unplugging the cable. + - Thelio Astra includes both classic 6+2-pin and 12VHPWR 16-pin GPU power cables. If you're changing GPUs and switching from one type of cable to the other, you may need to free the new cable from the velcro straps at the bottom of the chassis, then secure the old cable out of the way using the velcro straps. + +![GPU power connections](./img/gpu-power.webp) + +3. Unscrew the two back screws holding the PCIe bracket in place, and remove the PCIe bracket (or slide it into the rightmost position). + +![PCIe bracket screws](./img/pcie-bracket.webp) + +4. Pull the card out of the slot. + - There are no latches on the PCIe slots of the Thelio Astra motherboards. + +![PCIe slots & latches](./img/pcie-slots.webp) + +5. After inserting the new GPU into its slot, connect the power cable. +6. Once the GPU is installed, replace the back PCIe bracket, side brace, and top case. + - The GPU brace finger may need to be [adjusted](#steps-to-adjust-the-gpu-brace-fingers) before the side brace can be reinstalled. + +## Replacing the CMOS battery: + +The CMOS battery supplies power to the system's CMOS chip. UEFI settings and the computer's hardware clock are stored on the CMOS. If your system doesn't boot, you can reset the CMOS to force a low-level hardware reset. If your clock is constantly resetting, it's likely your CMOS battery needs to be replaced. + +**Part numbers:** +- The CMOS battery is a standard CR2032 battery. The stock battery is Toshiba brand. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 20 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium + +### Steps to replace the CMOS battery (ALTRAD8UD2-1L2Q motherboard variant): + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case), [remove the CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct), and [remove the side brace](#removing-the-side-brace). + - Depending on the size of your GPU, you may also need to [remove the GPU](#replacing-the-gpu) to access the Clear CMOS Pad. +2. Unplug the CMOS battery connector (highlighted cyan below) from the header next to the silver heatsink at the top left of the motherboard. + +![CMOS battery](./img/cmos-battery.webp) + +3. If you are replacing the CMOS battery, pull it away from the Ethernet port casing. +4. To reset the CMOS, bridge the contacts of the Clear CMOS Pad near the bottom-right corner of the motherboard (near the M.2 SSD). + +![Clear CMOS pad](./img/cmos-clear-pad.webp) + +5. Plug in the new CMOS battery (or re-connect the existing CMOS battery) and adhere it to the top of the Ethernet port casing. +6. Replace the GPU, side brace, and top case. + +## Replacing the M.2 drives: + +Thelio Astra A1-N1 has one or two M.2 storage slots on the motherboard, depending on the motherboard variant: + +- The ALTRAD8UD-1L2T motherboard variant includes two M.2 slots. +- The ALTRAD8UD2-1L2Q motherboard variant (shown in the photos on this page) includes one M.2 slot. + +All motherboard slots are M-key and support sizes 2280 and 2230. + +Factory configurations offer up to four additional SSDs using a PCIe adapter card, not pictured in this manual. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 30 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium + +### Steps to replace the M.2 drive: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case), [remove the side brace](#removing-the-side-brace), and [remove the GPU](#replacing-the-gpu). + - Removing the GPU is optional to access the top slot (the only slot in the ALTRAD8UD2-1L2Q motherboard vairant), but still recommended for ease of access. +2. Unscrew and remove the plastic-headed screw holding the M.2 drive in place. + - The M.2 drive will pop up at an angle and can be removed. + +![M.2 slot](./img/m2-slot.webp) + +3. To install a drive, insert it into the slot at an angle, then hold it against the motherboard while screwing in the plastic-headed screw. +4. Replace the GPU, side brace, and top case as applicable. + +## Replacing the CPU fans: + +Thelio Astra A1-N1 contains three 120mm CPU fans. One fan is mounted in the back of the CPU duct, while two others are mounted on the front and back of the CPU cooler's heatsink. + +**Part numbers:** +- The duct-mounted CPU fan is a Be Quiet! Silent Wings 4 ([BQ SIW4-12025-MF-PWM](https://www.bequiet.com/en/casefans/3700)). +- The heatsink-mounted CPU fans are Arctic Freezer 4U fans. + - The heatsink-mounted fans are produced for the Arctic Freezer 4U-M Ampere CPU cooler, and it may not be possible to source them separately. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 25 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium + +### Steps to replace the duct-mounted CPU fan: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case) and [remove the CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct). +3. Unscrew the four screws (two on each side) holding the fan bracket onto the duct. + - Removing the bracket from the duct is not required, but it makes removal and installation of the fan much easier. + +![CPU duct fan bracket screws](./img/cpu-duct-fan-bracket-screws.webp) + +4. Unscrew the four screws attaching the bracket to the fan. + +![CPU duct fan screws](./img/cpu-duct-fan-screws.webp) + +5. When reinstalling the fan into the CPU duct: + - The spinning side should face inward (towards the front of the chassis), while the stationary label should face outward (towards the back of the chassis). + - The cable should point towards the fan connector (towards the top left, when viewed from the back). + - The fan bracket contains a cable channel in the corresponding corner. + - Overtightening the fan bracket's screws may cause fan noise; if the fan is creating excessive noise, try slightly loosening some of the screws. + +### Steps to replace the heatsink-mounted CPU fans: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case) and [remove the CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct). + - You can optionally [remove the side brace](#removing-the-side-brace) for easier access. +2. Disconnect the rear cooler fan from the front cooler fan's Y-cable, and unplug the front cooler fan's Y-cable from the splitter board (if it wasn't already unplugged while [removing the CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct)). + - The heatsink fan cable connection points are highlighted red below. + +![CPU heatsink fans & connectors](./img/cpu-heatsink-fans-installed.webp) + +3. Pull the fans (highlighted green above) directly out of the case, sliding them off the heatsink. + +![CPU heatsink fans (removed)](./img/cpu-heatsink-fans-removed.webp) + +4. When reinstalling the CPU heatsink fans, the fan with a normal cable goes on the back of the heatsink, while the fan with a Y-cable goes on the front. + +## Replacing the CPU cooler and CPU: + +The CPU cooler dissipates heat from the CPU to the heatsink, where the CPU fans expel it from the system. Depending on your climate and the age of the machine, replacing the thermal paste between the CPU and the cooler/heatsink may help the system run cooler. + +**Part numbers:** +- The CPU cooler is an [Arctic Freezer 4U-M](https://www.arctic.de/us/Freezer-4U-M/ACFRE00133A). +- The CPU uses an LGA 4926 socket. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver, six-point star (Torx T20) screwdriver, thermal paste +**Time estimate:** 45 minutes +**Difficulty:** High + +### Steps to remove the CPU cooler/thermal paste: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case), [remove the side brace](#removing-the-side-brace), [remove the CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct), [remove the GPU](#replacing-the-gpu), and [remove the heatsink-mounted CPU fans](#steps-to-replace-the-heatsink-mounted-cpu-fans). +2. While holding the CPU cooler in place so it doesn't fall, loosen the screws to the left and right of the CPU cooler. + +![CPU cooler screws](./img/cpu-cooler-screws.webp) + +3. Lower the cooler away from the CPU. +4. Using a paper towel, clean the existing thermal paste off of the heatsink and CPU. + - Due to the design of the heatsink, some thermal paste may remain between the heatsink pipes. Only the flat section of the pipes that makes contact with the CPU needs to be cleaned. + - You may also use a small amount of rubbing alcohol if the old paste is dried or difficult to remove. + +![Thermal paste removal](./img/thermal-paste-removal.webp) + +### Steps to replace the CPU: + +1. Place the computer on its side so the motherboard is facing up. +2. Using a Torx T20 screwdriver, unscrew the Torx screws in reverse order of the stamped numbers (unscrewing #1 last). + - Your motherboard may have four or five Torx screws on the CPU socket, depending on the revision. + - The screws are held captive and will not come apart from the CPU holder. + +![CPU socket screws](./img/cpu-socket-screws.webp) + +3. The spring-loaded CPU holder will raise off of the motherboard. + +![CPU holder raised](./img/cpu-holder-raised.webp) + +4. Carefully lift the CPU's black plastic frame out of the CPU socket. + - Be careful not to bend any of the gold pins on the CPU socket, and do not touch the gold pads on the CPU. + +![CPU (removed)](./img/cpu-removed.webp) + +5. Gently place the new CPU into the socket. + - The diagonal-cut corner of the CPU (marked with a triangle on the bottom) should be oriented to match the triangle on the CPU socket, pointing towards the bottom right of the motherboard. +6. Flip the CPU cover back onto the CPU. +7. Screw in the CPU cover's Torx screws in the order of the stamped numbers (starting with #1). + +### Steps to install the thermal paste/CPU cooler: + +1. Draw an `X` shape of thermal paste onto the CPU. + +![Thermal paste application](./img/thermal-paste-application.webp) + +2. Place the CPU cooler onto the CPU; while holding it in place, screw in its four mounting screws. + - The cooler should be oriented so the Arctic logo faces the right side. + - Insert each screw partially, then finish tightening them all. +3. Set the computer upright, then reinstall the cooler-mounted CPU fans, CPU duct, GPU, side brace, and top case. + +## Replacing the power supply: + +The power supply unit (PSU) can be replaced with another unit of the same model. + +**Part numbers:** +- The default PSU is the [XPG Core Reactor II](https://www.xpg.com/us/xpg/pc-components-core-reactor-ii). + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 45 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium + +### Steps to replace the power supply: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case), [remove the side brace](#removing-the-side-brace), and [unplug the GPU (if installed)](#replacing-the-gpu). +2. Unscrew the power supply bracket's left side from the bottom of the chassis. + +![Power supply bracket screw (left)](./img/psu-bracket-screw-left.webp) + +3. Unscrew and remove the chassis spacer bracket on the right side of the chassis, then unscrew the power supply bracket's right side from the chassis. + +![Cable management bracket](./img/psu-cable-management-bracket.webp) +![Power supply bracket screw (right)](./img/psu-bracket-screw-right.webp) + +4. Unscrew the power supply's four screws from the back of the chassis. + +![Power supply screws](./img/psu-screws.webp) + +5. Unplug all of the modular cabling from the back of the PSU. + +![PSU cabling](./img/psu-cables.webp) + +6. Remove/replace the power supply. + - The replacement PSU should be installed with the fan facing the bottom of the case. + - Place the PSU on the rubber post and hold it against the screwholes in the back of the case while attaching it. +7. Connect the power cables to the new power supply and GPU, then reinstall the PSU brace, side brace, and top case. + +## Replacing the Thelio Io board: + +Named after Jupiter's moon Io, the Thelio Io daughterboard handles the front power button and fan control. If the Thelio Io board becomes defective, it can be replaced using the instructions below. + +**Part numbers:** +- Thelio Astra A1-N1 uses [Thelio Io version 2](https://github.com/system76/thelio-io/tree/92c2a60b6d6acc0f9d51d819cba07ad28e2b03f3) ([PCB revision thelio_io_2.3](https://github.com/system76/thelio-io-hardware/tree/91814370002f762ac01cd1dd99dcbb43336352ab/pcb-thelio-io)). + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver +**Time estimate:** 30 minutes +**Difficulty:** High + +### Steps to replace the Thelio Io board: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). + - The [CPU duct](#removing-the-cpu-duct) and [side brace](#removing-the-side-brace) can optionally be removed to provide easier access to the cabling. +2. Use the cutout on the front of the chassis to unplug all cabling from the Thelio Io board. + - The topmost connector requires pulling the white tab while unplugging. + +![Thelio Io cabling cutout](./img/thelio-io-cabling-cutout.webp) + +3. Unscrew the two screws holding the daughterboard on from the right side of the chassis. + +![Thelio Io drive cage screws](./img/thelio-io-screws.webp) + +4. Screw in the new Thelio Io board and reconnect the wiring. + +### Thelio Io wiring guide: + +![Thelio Io wiring guide](./img/thelio-io-board.webp) + +1. When wiring the Thelio Io board, refer to the port labels and the following guide. + - `FANOUT1`/`CPU FAN` - to the top fan splitter (connecting to the [CPU fans](#replacing-the-cpu-fans)). + - `FANOUT4`/`AUX FAN` - disconnected. + - `FANOUT2`/`INTAKE FAN` - to the [bottom case fan](#replacing-the-bottom-case-fan). + - `FANOUT3`/`GPU FAN` - to the [side brace](#removing-the-side-brace) fan splitter. + - May be disconnected by default if no side fan is ordered as factory configuration. + - `FANIN1`/`MOTHERBOARD FAN INPUT` - to the `FAN1` header on the right side of the motherboard, highlighted cyan below. + + ![Motherboard CPU fan output header](./img/motherboard-fan-header.webp) + - `POWER1`/`POWER INPUT` - to the [power supply](#replacing-the-power-supply) via 4-pin Molex connector. + - The white plastic clip needs to be held away from the connector to unplug this cable from the Thelio Io board. + - `PFP1`/`FRONT PANEL` - to the [power button receptacle](#troubleshooting-the-power-button) on the front panel. + - On the Thelio Io board, the wire color order (from top to bottom) is red, black, blue, black. + - On the power button receptacle, the wire color order (from left to right) is red, black, blue, black. + - `PMB1`/`MOTHERBOARD` - to the first four pins of the `PANEL1` header at the bottom right of the motherboard, highlighted green below. + - On the Thelio Io board, the wire color order (from top to bottom) is red, black, blue, black. + - On the motherboard, the wire color order (from left to right) is red, black, blue, black. + - `USB` - to the `USB3_3_1` header on the bottom edge of the motherboard (via an included USB 2.0 to 3.0 adapter cable), highlighted yellow below. + - A small clip needs to be held down to unplug this cable from the Thelio Io board. + + ![Motherboard power button & USB headers](./img/motherboard-power-usb.webp) + +## Troubleshooting the power button: + +If the front power button doesn't power the machine on or doesn't light up when the system is powered on, try the following troubleshooting steps: + +1. Ensure the system powers on normally using the internal power button. +2. Reseat the front power button to ensure it's making proper contact. +3. Check the wiring for the front power button. +4. Replace the front power button, if necessary. + +**Tools required:** Cross-head (Phillips) screwdriver (optional) +**Time estimate:** 20 minutes +**Difficulty:** Medium + +### Steps to power the machine on using the internal power button: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). +2. Ensure the system is plugged into power, and the power supply switch is in the 1 (On) position. +3. Push the small button labeled `POWER` on the Thelio Io board. + - The white LED to the left of the button lights up to indicate when the system is powered on (and pulses when the system is suspended). + +![Internal power button](./img/thelio-io-power-button.webp) + +4. If the Thelio Io `POWER` button powers the machine on and the LED lights up, then the issue is either the front power button or its connection to the Thelio Io board. [Check the front power button wiring](#steps-to-check-the-front-power-button-wiring). +5. If the Thelio Io `POWER` button and/or LED does not work, then the issue is either the Thelio Io board or its connection to the motherboard. [Check the wiring between the Thelio Io board and the motherboard](#thelio-io-wiring-guide). + +### Steps to check the front power button wiring: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). +2. On the back of the power button, the four pins should be connected to the four-wire connector as follows: + +![Power button wiring](./img/power-button-wiring.jpg) + +3. On the front power button receptacle, the four-pin connector should have the red wire on the left and the black wire on the right (when viewed from the back of the computer.) + +![Power button receptacle](./img/power-button-receptacle.webp) + +4. The front power button receptacle should plug into the `PFP1` port on the Thelio Io board, with the red wire on the top (see the [Thelio Io wiring guide](#thelio-io-wiring-guide).) + +### Steps to replace the power button: + +1. Follow the steps above to [remove the top case](#removing-the-top-case). +2. Follow the instructions in the [Replace the Thelio Power Button](https://support.system76.com/articles/thelio-power-button/) support article. diff --git a/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/ubuntu-20.04.md b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/ubuntu-20.04.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..295345f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/ubuntu-20.04.md @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ +# Thelio Astra (Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Setup) + +Thelio Astra uses an Ampere processor supporting AArch64 (ARM64) versions of Linux. If you need to reinstall the operating system, the instructions on this page can be used to set up Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. + +## Operating system download: + +1. Download the [Ubuntu Server for ARM 20.04.5 LTS ISO](https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/20.04/release/ubuntu-20.04.5-live-server-arm64.iso). +2. Verify that the SHA256SUM matches the following: + ``` + e42d6373dd39173094af5c26cbf2497770426f42049f8b9ea3e60ce35bebdedf + ``` + - You can run `sha256sum ubuntu-20.04.5-live-server-arm64.iso` to check the SHA256SUM from the terminal, or use a GUI application such as Popsicle. + +## Hardware preparation: + +- It's recommended to fill all 8 memory channels for maximum CPU performance. +- When using Ampere Altra (non-Max) CPUs, the top two PCIe x16 slots (closest to the CPU) will run at x8 speeds. Place x16 devices into the bottom two slots for optimal performance. +- Install all required hardware, including GPUs and WiFi cards, before installing the OS. +- The system firmware version must be `3.02` in order to support early boot output on NVIDIA GPUs. +- There is a jumper labeled `BMC disable` that can bypass the requirement that the BMC boots before the power button is functional. + - Because the BMC may be necessary to complete the initial setup, use of this jumper is not recommended until initial setup is complete. + - Bridging the second and third pins disables the BMC. The default behavior (enabling the BMC) is the same as if the first and second pins are bridged. + +## Firmware preparation: + +1. Plug the last ethernet port (closest to the PCIe slots) into to a DHCP-capable network where you already have another computer connected. + - This is the BMC's ethernet port, which will enable remote server management. +2. Power on the system. Press the `F2` key when the firmware splash screen appears to enter the firmware setup menu. +3. Navigate to the `Advanced` tab, then select the `Network Stack Configuration` item. Switch `Network Stack` to `Disabled`. This will reduce boot times by disabling network booting, which will not be used in this guide. +4. Navigate to the `Server Mgmt` tab, then select the `BMC Network Configuration` item. Note the `Station IP address`, which is how you will connect to the BMC's web interface later. +5. Navigate to the `Exit` tab and choose `Save Changes and Exit`. When prompted, select yes. +6. After the system reboots, power it off to prepare for the next task. + +## BMC interface preparation: + +1. Open a web browser on another computer that is on the same network as the BMC. Navigate to the URL `https://AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD`, replacing `AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD` with the station IP address recorded before. +2. A login screen should appear. The default username is `root` and the default password is `0penBmc`. + - The default password starts with a zero `0`, not the letter `O`. +3. Under the `Operations` menu, select the `Virtual media` item. Click on `Add file`, and in the `File Upload` dialog, choose the `ubuntu-20.04.5-live-server-arm64.iso` file that you downloaded and verified before. Click on `Start`; a notification should briefly appear in the top right corner indicating success. +4. Under the `Operations` menu, select the `SOL console` item. This will show the system's serial output, which allows viewing Linux kernel output if it does not show up on the connected display. + +## Operating system installation: + +1. Plug the second to last ethernet port (above the BMC's ethernet port) into a DHCP-capable network with internet access. +2. Power on the system. Press the `F11` key when the firmware splash screen appears to open the boot menu. +3. In the boot menu, select the option that starts with `UEFI OS (Linux File-Stor Gadget`. +4. Navigate to the `Boot and Install with the HWE kernel` option and press `e` to edit it. +5. Move the cursor to the line starting with `linux`. In between `/casper/hwe-vmlinuz` and `---`, replace `quiet splash` with `console=tty0 nomodeset fsck.mode=skip`, ensuring that there are spaces before and after these added arguments. Press `F10` to boot. + - The first added argument, `console=tty0`, tries to get Linux console output to show up on a connected display. + - The second added argument, `nomodeset`, works around potential nouveau driver crashes when NVIDIA graphics cards are used. + - The third added argument, `fsck.mode=skip`, will skip filesystem checks, which can take a long time. +6. It will take some time to boot to the installer. If no output is seen, check the `Serial over LAN (SOL) console` page in the BMC web interface. +7. Select the desired language. +8. If you are prompted to apply an installer update, choose `Continue without updating`. +9. On the `Keyboard configuration` page, select the desired keyboard layout and variant. Select `Done` to continue. +10. On the `Network configuration` page, you should have a successfully connected ethernet port. Select `Done` to continue. +11. On the `Proxy configuration` page, enter any required proxy (this should almost always be left blank). Select `Done` to continue. +12. On the `Ubuntu archive mirror configuration` page, the default mirror for packages will be tested. When it completes, select `Done` to continue. +13. On the `Guided storage configuration` page, select `Use an entire disk`, and choose the desired disk. Leave the `Set up this disk as an LVM group` option enabled. Select `Done` to continue. +14. On the `Storage configuration` page, you can review the disk configuration. Select `Done` to continue. A warning will be shown; select `Continue`. +15. On the `Profile setup` page, enter the following information (or substitute your own information): + - `Your name:` `System76` + - `Your servers name:` `system76-pc` + - `Pick a username:` `system76` + - `Choose a password:` `system76` + - `Confirm your password:` `system76` +16. On the `SSH setup` page, leave `Install OpenSSH server` unselected. Select `Done` to continue. +17. On the `Third-party drivers` page, leave any aptions unselected. Select `Continue` to continue. +18. On the `Featured Server Snaps` page, leave all options unselected. Select `Done` to continue. +19. On the `Installing system` page, installation progress will be shown. This may take some time to finish. When it is complete, select `Reboot Now`. +20. You may be prompted to remove the installation medium. Navigate in the BMC web interface to the `Operations` menu and `Virtual media` page. Click on the `Stop` button. A notification should briefly appear in the top right corner indicating success. Press Enter on the system to reboot. + +## Desktop environment installation: + +1. The system will boot to a terminal login prompt. Log in with `system76` as the username and `system76` as the password (or your own credentials). + - You may need to log in with the BMC serial console if the physical display does not show a prompt. +2. Upgrade the system with the following commands: + ``` + sudo apt update + sudo apt full-upgrade + ``` +3. Install the NVIDIA driver with the following command. The 550 driver is currently only packaged with the server variant for 20.04. + ``` + sudo apt install nvidia-driver-550-server + ``` +4. Install the default Ubuntu desktop environment with the following command. This will download a lot of packages and take a while to install: + ``` + sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop + ``` +5. At this point, NetworkManager will be installed alongside systemd-networkd, which causes boot delays as they both wait for network completion. The following steps will disable systemd-networkd in favor of NetworkManager, which has better integration with the Ubuntu desktop. + - A. Disable and mask systemd-networkd services with the following commands: + ``` + sudo systemctl disable systemd-networkd.service systemd-networkd.socket + sudo systemctl mask systemd-networkd.service systemd-networkd.socket + ``` + - B. Edit the netplan configuration with `sudo nano /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml` and replace all of the contents with the following: + ``` + network: + version: 2 + renderer: NetworkManager + ``` + - C. Regenerate the netplan configuration by running the following command: + ``` + sudo netplan generate + ``` +6. Reboot by running `sudo reboot`. +7. You should see a login screen, where you can log in to the `System76` user with the password `system76` (or log into your own account). + - If you don't see a login screen, try a different display connection type (e.g. DisplayPort instead of HDMI) and/or a different display. +8. After logging in, initial setup will appear. + - A. On the `Online Acconts` page, click `Skip` to continue. + - B. On the `Livepatch` page, click `Next` to continue. + - C. On the `Help improve Ubuntu` page, select `No, don't send system info`, then click `Next` to continue. + - D. On the `Privacy` page, leave `Location Services` unselected. Click `Next` to continue. + - E. On the `Ready to go` page, click `Done`. +9. Default additional ethernet connections will repeatedly fail to connect. Run `nm-connnection-editor` to open the connection manager and remove them. + +## System76 Driver installation: + +1. Ensure that DMI information is properly set at this point. If not, set it and reboot. +2. Add the System76 PPA with the following command: + ``` + sudo add-apt-repository ppa:system76-dev/stable + ``` +3. Install the System76 Driver with the following command: + ``` + sudo apt install system76-driver + ``` +4. Upgrade the system with the following commands. This may downgrade some packages as they pull the versions from the System76 PPA: + ``` + sudo apt update + sudo apt full-upgrade + ``` +5. Reboot the system with `sudo reboot`. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/ubuntu-24.04.md b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/ubuntu-24.04.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fefbc287 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/thelio-astra-a1-n1/ubuntu-24.04.md @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ +# Thelio Astra (Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Setup) + +Thelio Astra uses an Ampere processor supporting AArch64 (ARM64) versions of Linux. If you need to reinstall the operating system, the instructions on this page can be used to set up Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. + +## Operating system download: + +1. Download the [Ubuntu Server for ARM 24.04.1 LTS ISO](https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/24.04/release/ubuntu-24.04.1-live-server-arm64.iso). +2. Verify that the SHA256SUM matches the following: + ``` + 5ceecb7ef5f976e8ab3fffee7871518c8e9927ec221a3bb548ee1193989e1773 + ``` + - You can run `sha256sum ubuntu-24.04.1-live-server-arm64.iso` to check the SHA256SUM from the terminal, or use a GUI application such as Popsicle. + +## Hardware preparation: + +- It's recommended to fill all 8 memory channels for maximum CPU performance. +- When using Ampere Altra (non-Max) CPUs, the top two PCIe x16 slots (closest to the CPU) will run at x8 speeds. Place x16 devices into the bottom two slots for optimal performance. +- Install all required hardware, including GPUs and WiFi cards, before installing the OS. +- The system firmware version must be `3.02` in order to support early boot output on NVIDIA GPUs. +- There is a jumper labeled `BMC disable` that can bypass the requirement that the BMC boots before the power button is functional. + - Because the BMC may be necessary to complete the initial setup, use of this jumper is not recommended until initial setup is complete. + - Bridging the second and third pins disables the BMC. The default behavior (enabling the BMC) is the same as if the first and second pins are bridged. + +## Firmware preparation: + +1. Plug the last ethernet port (closest to the PCIe slots) into to a DHCP-capable network where you already have another computer connected. + - This is the BMC's ethernet port, which will enable remote server management. +2. Power on the system. Press the `F2` key when the firmware splash screen appears to enter the firmware setup menu. +3. Navigate to the `Advanced` tab, then select the `Network Stack Configuration` item. Switch `Network Stack` to `Disabled`. This will reduce boot times by disabling network booting, which will not be used in this guide. +4. Navigate to the `Server Mgmt` tab, then select the `BMC Network Configuration` item. Note the `Station IP address`, which is how you will connect to the BMC's web interface later. +5. Navigate to the `Exit` tab and choose `Save Changes and Exit`. When prompted, select yes. +6. After the system reboots, power it off to prepare for the next task. + +## BMC interface preparation: + +1. Open a web browser on another computer that is on the same network as the BMC. Navigate to the URL `https://AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD`, replacing `AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD` with the station IP address recorded before. +2. A login screen should appear. The default username is `root` and the default password is `0penBmc`. + - The default password starts with a zero `0`, not the letter `O`. +3. Under the `Operations` menu, select the `Virtual media` item. Click on `Add file`, and in the `File Upload` dialog, choose the `ubuntu-24.04.1-live-server-arm64.iso` file that you downloaded and verified before. Click on `Start`; a notification should briefly appear in the top right corner indicating success. +4. Under the `Operations` menu, select the `SOL console` item. This will show the system's serial output, which allows viewing Linux kernel output if it does not show up on the connected display. + +## Operating system installation: + +1. Plug the second to last ethernet port (above the BMC's ethernet port) into a DHCP-capable network with internet access. +2. Power on the system. Press the `F11` key when the firmware splash screen appears to open the boot menu. +3. In the boot menu, select the option that starts with `UEFI OS (Linux File-Stor Gadget`. +4. Navigate to the `Boot and Install with the HWE kernel` option and press `e` to edit it. +5. Move the cursor to the line starting with `linux`. Between `/casper/vmlinuz` and `---`, add `console=tty0 nomodeset`, ensuring that there are spaces before and after these added arguments. Press `F10` to boot. + - The first added argument, `console=tty0`, tries to get Linux console output to show up on a connected display. + - The second added argument, `nomodeset`, works around potential nouveau driver crashes when NVIDIA graphics cards are used. +6. It will take some time to boot to the installer. If no output is seen, check the `Serial over LAN (SOL) console` page in the BMC web interface. +7. Select the desired language. +8. On the `Keyboard configuration` page, select the desired keyboard layout and variant. Select `Done` to continue. +9. On the `Choose the type of installation` page, select `Ubuntu Server`. Select `Done` to continue. +10. On the `Network configuration` page, you should have a successfully connected ethernet port. Select `Done` to continue. +11. On the `Proxy configuration` page, enter any required proxy (this should almost always be left blank). Select `Done` to continue. +12. On the `Ubuntu archive mirror configuration` page, the default mirror for packages will be tested. When it completes, select `Done` to continue. +13. On the `Guided storage configuration` page, select `Use an entire disk`, and choose the desired disk. Leave the `Set up this disk as an LVM group` option enabled. Select `Done` to continue. +14. On the `Storage configuration` page, you can review the disk configuration. Select `Done` to continue. A warning will be shown; select `Continue`. +15. On the `Profile setup` page, enter the following information (or substitute your own information): + - `Your name:` `System76` + - `Your servers name:` `system76-pc` + - `Pick a username:` `system76` + - `Choose a password:` `system76` + - `Confirm your password:` `system76` +16. On the `Upgrade to Ubuntu Pro` page, select `Skip for now`. Select `Done` to continue. +17. On the `SSH configuration` page, leave `Install OpenSSH server` unselected. Select `Done` to continue. +18. On the `Featured server snaps` page, leave all options unselected. Select `Done` to continue. +19. On the `Installing system` page, installation progress will be shown. This may take some time to finish. When it is complete, select `Reboot Now`. +20. You may be prompted to remove the installation medium. Navigate in the BMC web interface to the `Operations` menu and `Virtual media` page. Click on the `Stop` button. A notification should briefly appear in the top right corner indicating success. Press Enter on the system to reboot. + +## Desktop environment installation: + +1. The system will boot to a terminal login prompt. Log in with `system76` as the username and `system76` as the password (or your own credentials). + - You may need to log in with the BMC serial console if the physical display does not show a prompt. +2. Upgrade the system with the following commands: + ``` + sudo apt update + sudo apt full-upgrade + ``` +3. Install the NVIDIA driver with the following command: + ``` + sudo apt install nvidia-driver-550 + ``` +4. Install the default Ubuntu desktop environment with the following command. This will download a lot of packages and take a while to install: + ``` + sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop + ``` +5. At this point, NetworkManager will be installed alongside systemd-networkd, which causes boot delays as they both wait for network completion. The following steps will disable systemd-networkd in favor of NetworkManager, which has better integration with the Ubuntu desktop. + - A. Disable and mask systemd-networkd services with the following commands: + ``` + sudo systemctl disable systemd-networkd.service systemd-networkd.socket + sudo systemctl mask systemd-networkd.service systemd-networkd.socket + ``` + - B. Edit the netplan configuration with `sudo nano /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml` and replace all of the contents with the following: + ``` + network: + version: 2 + renderer: NetworkManager + ``` + - C. Regenerate the netplan configuration by running the following command: + ``` + sudo netplan generate + ``` +6. Reboot by running `sudo reboot`. +7. You should see a login screen, where you can log in to the `System76` user with the password `system76` (or log into your own account). + - If you don't see a login screen, try a different display connection type (e.g. DisplayPort instead of HDMI) and/or a different display. +8. After logging in, initial setup will appear. + - A. On the first page, click `Next` to continue. + - B. On the `Ubuntu Pro` page, select `Skip for now`, then click `Next` to continue. + - C. On the `Help improve Ubuntu` page, select `No, don't share system data`. Click `Next` to continue. + - D. On the `Ready to go` page, click `Finish`. +9. Default additional ethernet connections will repeatedly fail to connect. Run `nm-connnection-editor` to open the connection manager and remove them. + +## System76 Driver installation: + +1. Ensure that DMI information is properly set at this point. If not, set it and reboot. +2. Add the System76 PPA with the following command: + ``` + sudo add-apt-repository ppa:system76-dev/stable + ``` +3. Install the System76 driver with the following command: + ``` + sudo apt install system76-driver + ``` +4. Upgrade the system with the following commands. This may downgrade some packages as they pull the version from the System76 PPA: + ``` + sudo apt update + sudo apt full-upgrade + ``` +5. Reboot the system with `sudo reboot`. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/models/thelio-mira-b4-n3/repairs.md b/src/models/thelio-mira-b4-n3/repairs.md index dba6a253..a796141c 100644 --- a/src/models/thelio-mira-b4-n3/repairs.md +++ b/src/models/thelio-mira-b4-n3/repairs.md @@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ The power supply unit (PSU) can be replaced with another unit of the same model. ![Power supply bracket screw (left)](./img/psu-bracket-screw-left.webp) -3. Unscrew and remove the cable management bracket on the right side of the chassis, then unscrew the power supply's right side from the chassis. +3. Unscrew and remove the cable management bracket on the right side of the chassis, then unscrew the power supply bracket's right side from the chassis. ![Cable management bracket](./img/psu-cable-management-bracket.webp) ![Power supply bracket screw (right)](./img/psu-bracket-screw-right.webp)